FAQ

Here are some questions and answers about the Norwegian monarchy. If you have any more questions, just add them on the The Scandinavian Royals Message Board.
If you find any examples of bad grammar or spelling, and I am sure you will, do not hesitate to tell me. I will appreciate it.
This page was last updated on 3 of May 2003.
 
1. What is the name of the Norwegian Royal Family and how did this family gain the throne?
2. Can a woman become Queen Regnant in Norway?
3. Have there been any Queen Regnants in Norway?
4. Where can I find the part of the Constitution that regards the succession in English?
5. Who are in line of succession to the Norwegian throne?
6. If the current Act of Succession with cognatic succession had applied when the House of Oldenburg became the Royal House of Norway in 1905, who would then have been Sovereign of Norway today?
7. If Christian Frederik had managed to remain King of Norway, who would then have been King of Norway today according to Salic law?
8. Who was the last King to be crowned?
9. Why were the Kings of Sweden also Kings of Norway 1814-1905?
10. Which Monarch reigned for the longest period?
11. Which Monarch reigned for the shortest period?
12. Can a Prince/Princess of Norway marry whomever he/she wants?
13. What power does the King have today?
14. Which are the Norwegian noble titles?
15. What is the Norwegian Coat of Arms?
16. Which are the Royal Regalias?
17. Which is the finest Norwegian Order?
18. How is King Harald V related to other European Monarchs?

1. What is the name of the Norwegian Royal Family and how did this family gain the throne?
The name is Oldenburg, the branch Schlesvig-Holstein-Sønderborg-Glücksborg. In 1905 the union between Norway and Sweden ended. The crown was first offered to the deposed King Oscar II's third son Carl, but that was not acceptable to the Swedish Royal Family. Instead the crown was offered to Prince Carl of Denmark, second son of King Frederik VIII. The Prince demanded that his election should be approved by the people in a referendum, and it was. Prince Carl became King of Norway under the name Haakon VII.

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2. Can a woman become Queen Regnant in Norway?
Yes, the Constitution was changed in 1990. Before that Salic Law applied, but now Norway has cognatic succession, which means that the oldest child inherites the throne. But it doesn't effect members of the Royal Family born before 1990. Therefore Harald V's son Haakon is still Crown Prince, even though his sister Märtha Louise is older.

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3. Have there been any Queen Regnants in Norway?
Yes, once.
Margareta, Queen 1380-1412. Born 1353 at Söborg, Denmark. Parents: King Valdemar Atterdag of Denmark and Helvig of Sönderjylland. Ruled Denmark from 1376 and Norway from 1380 in the name of her son Olav. Defeated Albrekt 24 of February 1389 and was recognized as Queen of Sweden (a title she had used since 1375). She later ruled in the name of Erik, who in 1389 had been elected King of Norway and in 1396 King of Denmark and Sweden. She died 28 of October 1412 onboard her ship in the port of Flensborg. Married 9 of April 1363 at Copenhagen's Palace to King Håkan VI of Norway. Child: Olav (1370-1387).

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4. Where can I find the part of the Constitution that regards the succession in English?
You can find it right here.

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5. Who are in line of succession to the Norwegian throne?
The list is very short:
1. Crown Prince Haakon (b. 1973). The King's son.
2. Princess Märtha Louise (b. 1971). The King's daughter.
3. Maud Angelica Behn (2003). Princess Märtha Louise's daughter.

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6. If the current Act of Succession with cognatic succession had applied when the House of Oldenburg became the Royal House of Norway in 1905, who would then have been Sovereign of Norway today?
Princess Ragnhild, Mrs Lorentzen. If cognatic succession had applied, Olav V would have been succeded by his daughter Ragnhild in 1991, instead of by his son Harald. All provided, of course, that her marriage to Erling Lorentzen had been approved by the King.

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7. If Christian Frederik had managed to remain King of Norway, who would then have been King of Norway today according to Salic law?
No one! When Denmark lost Norway to Sweden, Prince Kristian Frederik was elected king. Norway was though forced but Sweden to elect the Swedish King Carl XIII (in Norway Carl II) and Christian Frederik left for Denmark. In 1838 he succeeded his uncle, King Frederik VI, as King of Denmark. But his son, Frederik VII, had no sons and a new Royal House was elected in Denmark. Noone can tell, what Norway would have done in 1863, when Frederik VII died.

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8. Who was the last King to be crowned?
That was Haakon VII. He was crowned as King of Norway in the Cathedral of Trondheim in 1906.

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9. Why were the Kings of Sweden also Kings of Norway 1814-1905?
In 1810 Jean Baptiste Bernadotte was elected Crown Prince of Sweden. The Swedes hoped that he would regain Finland, that had been lost to Russia in 1809. Bernadotte, however, had other plans. In 1814 he and the army defeated Denmark, and the Danes had to leave Norway to Sweden. The Norwegians opposed this and elected a King of their own, Kristian Frederik. Therefore Bernadotte attacked Norway and forced Kristian Frederik to give up his claim. Sweden accepted the new Norwegian Constitution of May 17, 1814, and Norway agreed to have the King of Sweden (Carl XIII) as their King (but in Norway he was called Carl II.) When the King died in 1818, Bernadotte became King Carl XIV Johan of Sweden and Carl III of Norway. In the end of the 19th century the Norwegians became more and more nationalistic and they wanted to end the union. In 1905 the Norwegian Parliament deposed King Oscar II. A war was avoided, and the negotiations in Karlstad resulted in a peaceful separation. The Danish Prince Carl was elected King of Norway. He took the name Haakon VII.

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10. Which Monarch reigned for the longest period?
That was Harald I, who reigned for abt 68 years in 865-933.

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11. Which Monarch reigned for the shortest period?
Christian Frederik, who was elected in 1814, but was forced by the Swedes to abdicate.

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12. Can a Prince/Princess of Norway marry whomever he/she wants?
No, he/she needs the consent of the King.

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13. What power does the King have today?
According to the Constitution he is quite powerful, but in reality he has the same position as e.g. the British Queen. He appoints the Prime Minister, but he always appoints the one that he knows will be accepted by the Parliament.

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14. Which are the Norwegian noble titles?
The Norwegian Nobility is abolished.

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15. What is the Norwegian Coat of Arms?
A Golden lion with a Silver Ax on a red background. You find a picture here:

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16. Which are the Royal Regalias?
The King's crown, sceptre and apple, the sword, the Queen's crown, sceptre and apple, and the Heir's crown.

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17. Which is the finest Norwegian Order?
That is the Order of Saint Olav.

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18. How is King Harald V related to other European Monarchs?
Denmark
King Harald V and Queen Margrethe II are second cousins twice. They are descendants of the Danish King Frederik VIII. These are the lines: Frederik VIII - Haakon VII - Olav V - Harald V and Frederik VIII - Christian X - Frederik IX - Margrethe II.
And also: Frederik VIII - Ingeborg - Märtha - Harald V and Frederik VIII - Christian X - Frederik IX - Margrethe II.
Sweden
King Carl XVI Gustaf and King Harald V are second cousins once removed. They are descendants of the Swedish (and Norwegian) King Oscar II. These are the lines: Oscar II - Gustaf V - Gustaf VI Adolf - Gustaf Adolf - Carl XVI Gustaf and Oscar II - Carl - Märtha - Harald V.
Belgium
King Harald V and King Albert II are first cousins. They are descendants of the Swedish Prince Carl, Duke of Västergötland. These are the lines: Carl - Märtha - Harald V and Carl - Astrid - Albert II.
United Kingdom
King Harald V and Queen Elizabeth II are second cousins. They are descendants of the British King Edward VII. These are the lines: Edward VII - Maud - Olav V - Harald V and Edward VII - George V - George VI - Elizabeth II.
Spain
King Harald V and King Juan Carlos are third cousins. They are descendants of the British Queen Victoria. These are the lines: Victoria - Edward VII - Maud - Olav V - Harald V and Victoria - Beatrice - Eugenie (Ena) - Juan - Juan Carlos.
Luxembourg
King Harald V and Grand Duke Henri are first cousins once removed. They are descendants of Carl, Duke of Västergötland. These are the lines: Carl - Märtha - Harald V and Carl - Astrid - Joséphine-Charlotte - Henri.
The Netherlands
King Harald V and Queen Beatrix are third cousins once removed. They are descendants of Wilhelm of Nassau-Weilburg. These are the lines: Wilhelm - Sofia - Carl - Märtha - Harald V and Wilhelm - Helene - Adelheid Emma - Wilhelmine - Juliana - Beatrix.
Liechtenstein
King Harald V and Prince Hans Adam II are fourth cousins once removed. They are descendants of King Maximilian I Josef of Bavaria. These are the lines: Maximilian I Josef - Augusta - Josephine - Oscar II - Carl - Märtha - Harald V and Maximilian I Josef - Karl Ludwig - Elisabeth - Franz Josef II - Hans Adam II.
Monaco
King Harald V and Prince Rainier III are sixth cousins once remove. They are descendants of Ludwig IX, landgrave of Hessen-Darmstadt. These are the lines (Harald V is a descendants of Ludwig IX in four different ways. This is one of them): Ludwig IX - Friederike - Friedrich Wilhelm III - Louise - Louise - Louise - Haakon VII - Olav V - Harald V and Ludwig IX - Amalie Frederike - Karl Ludwig - Marie Elisabeth - Mary Vicotia Douglas-Hamilton - Louis II - Charlotte - Rainier III.
Bulgaria
King Harald V and King Simeon II are fourth cousins once removed. They are descendants of Franz Friedrich, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. These are the lines: Franz Friedrich - Ernst I - Albert - Edward VII - Maud - Olav V - Harald V and Franz Friedrich - Ferdinand - August - Ferdinand I - Boris III - Simeon II.
Greece
King Harald V and King Constantinos II are are third cousins. They are descendants of the Danish King Christian IX. These are the lines: Christian IX - Frederik VIII- Haakon VII - Olav V - Harald V and Christian IX - Giorgios I - Konstantinos I - Giorgios II - Konstantinos II.
Portugal
King Harald V and Prince Duarte Pio are fifth cousins. They are descendants of Franz Friedrich, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. These are the lines: Franz Friedrich - Ernst I - Albert - Edward VII - Maud - Olav V - Harald V and Franz Friedrich - Ferdinand - Victoria - Gaston - Pierre - Maria Francisca - Duarte Pio.
Romania
King Harald V and King Mihai I are third cousins. They are descendants of the British Queen Victoria. These are the lines: Victoria - Edward VII - Maud - Olav V - Harald V and Victoria - Alfred - Marie - Carol II - Mihai I.

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